Transmitting system for space telephony.



V. H. LAUGHTER. TRANSMITTING SYSTEM FOR SPAGE TELEPHONY.

APPLICATION FILED JU LY10,1909.

Patented May 10, 1910.

VICTOR HlmmHTE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

VICTOR I-I. LAUGHTER, 0F DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

TRANSMITTING SYSTEM FOR SPACE TELEPHONY.

Specification of Iietters Patent.

Patented May 10, 1910.

Application tiled July 10, 1909. Serial No. 506,954.

To all whom it may concern: v

Be it known that I, VIoToR H. LAUGHTER, a citizen of the United Statesof America, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State ofMichigan, tain new and useful Im rovements in Transmitting Systems forpace Telephony, of which the following is a specification, referencebeing had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to space telephony,

and more especially to an arrangement thereof whereby a transmitter andreceiver are automatically thrown in and out of action electrical are,or as singing tricallyor mechanically.

by the operators voice.

1. The general arrangement of the apparatus for transmitting a messagemay be the same as that described in my application for transmittmgsystem for space telephony Serial No. 492,763, filed April 28, 1909, and

must include an energizin clrcuit that has a condenser and means orproducing an commonly known, a arc circuit in which advantage is taken 0the influence a magnetic 'field has upon oscillations across separatedelectrodes" surrounded b adjustably secured behind each are. One

or both. of the electrodes of each arc may be rotated as by a motor 8either elec- A condenser 9 and transformer 10 with transmitting. an-

. tenna l1 and ground connections 12 in shunt across the arcs completethe secondary portion' of the transmitting system. A transmitter13 ofany preferred type in series with a condenser 14 is placed in shuntacross the magnet solenoids 15, the respective lay ers of the'latter'being tapped out, as in ihave invented cergap by-a magnet whosedrawing, a suitable gen with sparkgaps 2 formed.

they. change from ;-in the primary clrcuit'ln position to cated, orarranged so that the number of turns in circuit may be varied to changethe magnetic field if desired.

In the operation of this from the generator from burning out thetelephone transmitter, while the sound waves of the voice on thetransmitter vary its conductivity in the usual manner, and setuposcillations which are impressed upon the current passingthrough thearcs and over the blow-out magnetic fields, thus doubly influencing themain clrcuit and inducing in the secondary circuit like oscillationswhich pass from the antenna to the ether in the usual manner.

Ithas been found in practice that when the voltage and current supplyexceed or fall below a certain point, the arcs no longer send out orcause oscillations which are impressed upon thesecondary or antennacircuit. The arcs when in this condition are known as inactive and thepoint at which active to inactive is known as the critical point. Whenthe apparatus is adjusted so that the arcs closely approach thiscritical point 'from the inactive side, itis found that speaking'intothe transmitter so changes conditions that the arcs become active aslong as the sound waves are impressed u on the circuit,

and thus the antenna circuit is energized.

\Vhen thevoice waves cease, thearcs and circult are aga1n1nact1ve. Thisfact 15 taken advantage of by placing an electromagnet 16 attract aswitch 17 which is in serlesbetween the secondary coil of thetransformer 10 and the ground 12 and is adapted when so attracted by themagnet to connect the antenna directly to the ground 11. \Vhen theswitch 17 is released by the magnet when the circuit and arc becomehappens when the voice waves do not affect the receiver 13, the switchbrings the secondary coil of a transformerof a 'set of receivinginstruments indicated at 18' with receiver19 into series with theantenna and ground or into operative relation to the antenna or aerialcircuit. As a result, an operator may otherwise throws the receivingsetpart of the systerm the condenser 14 prevents the current inactive ashold direct conversation with another sta tion, the-receiving set beingcut in and out.

automatically by the action of the operators voice upon the transmitter,Without fear of 1n u ry to the delicate instruments of the receiving setfrom the current of the transmission circuit.

/Vhile the apparatus indicated is preferable, it is to be understoodthat any form of transmitting apparatus may be used in which the meansfor-impressing oscillations upon a circuit by sound Waves may be broughtor tuned to a point where it only becomes active when variations are setup in the exciting circuit, and the receiving set may be likewise of anysuitable type. This arrangement obviates the necessity of throw-over orcircuit-openin switches, with their attending diificulties 0- operationand consequent loss of time, the operator working as readily as with theordinary conductor telephone system now in common use.

Obviously details of construction, form of apparatus used and thearrangement thereof may be altered without departing from the spirit ofthe invention, and I do not limit myself to any particular form orarrangement of parts.

close to the critical Having thus fully described my invention what Iclaim is: p

1. Space telephony apparatus comprising a transmitting set including inthe circuit oscillation-inducing means adapted to be adjusted to a stateof inactivity close to the critical point, and means adapted wheninfluenced by sound waves to bring the oscillation-inducing means tothecritical operative point, a receiving set, and means in circuitwith thetransmitting set adaptedt0 throw the receiving set into operativerelation with the aerial limb of the transmitting set when theoscillation-inducing means is inactive and to cut out said receiving setwhen the inductor is rendered active. 2. Space telephony apparatuscomprising a transmitting set including in the primary circuit anoscillation-inducing means adapted to be adjusted to a state ofinactivity oint, and means adapted when impressed by sound waves tobring the oscillation-inductor to the critical point, and and groundconnections, a receiving set using the said secondary circuit in commonwith the transmittingset, and means in the primary circuit adapted tothrow the receiving set into operatiive relation with the secondarycircuit when the oscillation inductor is inactive, and to cut it outwhen the" inductor is active. I

3. Space telephony apparatus comprising a transmitting set including inthe primary circuit oscillation-inducing means adapted to be adjusted toa state of inactivity close:

to the critical point, an electro-magnet, and a transformer,a.transinitter in shunt to the primary circuitand antenna and ground andW1 .switch adapted to be a secondarycircuit including antenna in thesecondary circuit an antenna, a ground connection and the secondary'coilof the transformer, a receiving set including in its primary circuit areceiver, the secondary coil of a transformer whose primary coil is inseries with said antenna and ground, and a switch operated by theelectro-magnet and adapted to 0 en the receivin primary circuit when teoscillationin ucing means is active and to close it when the latter isinactive.

4. Space telephony apparatus comprising a transmitting set including inseries in the primary circuit a generator, oscil1ation-indueing meansadapted to be adjusted to a state of inactivity close to the criticalpoint, an electromagnet, and the primary coil of a transformer, atransmitter in shunt to the primary circuit adapted to be actuated bysound waves to influence the oscillation indueing means, and inthesecondary circuit an antenna and ground connections in series withthe secondary coil of the transformer, a receiving set including atransformer whose primary coil is in series with the loss secondary coilis in series with a receiver, and a switch operated by saidelectro-magnet and adapted to open the circuit of when theoscillation-inducing means is active.

5. Space telephony apparatus comprising a transmitting set including inthe circuit a singing are adapted to be adjusted to a state ofinactivity close to the critical. point, an electromagnet in series withthe arc and having conventional antenna and ground, connections, and areceiving set operatively connected to the said antenna and groundconnections, and provided with a cut out opened by the electromagnetwhen the singing are becomes active.

6. Space telephony apparatus comprising a transmitting set including atransmitter adapted to be influenced by sound Waves and anoscillation-inducing means that is active only when the transmitter isin operation, and an electro-magnet in series with theoscillation-inducing means,.a receiving set operatively'conneeted to theaerial limb of the transmitting set, and a cut out switch operated bythe electro-magnetand adapted to open the receiving transmitter is inoperation.

7. Space telephony apparatus comprising a transmitting set consisting ofan energizing circuit containing an adjustable arc gap. surrounded by asensitive gaseous meium, means for impressing electric oscillations onthe medium means for maintaining ma net-ic stress on the medium, meanscontro led by sound waves adapted to vary the intensity of theoscillations and the magnetic stress, a secondary transmitting antennacircuit, a receiving set consisting of a receiver the receiving set ilot set circuit when the 1() operating.

5 electric oscillations on the medium, means 20 ed to vary the intensityof oscillations and 957,852 r I t a point whereby it becomes active onlywhen the sound-controlled means is operating.

9-. Space telephony apparatus comprising an energizing circuit includingin series a generator, arcs surrounded by a sensitive gaseous medium andmagnets adapted to impose magnetic stress on the medium, means in shuntacross the magnet actuated by sound waves and adapted to vary theintensity of oscillation in the energizing circuit, and a secondtransmitting antenna circuitresponsive to the energizing circuit, areceiving set consisting of a receiver operatively connected inconventional manner to the antenna circuit, an electro magnet in theenergizing circuit adapted to be operative only when theme is operating,and a switch operated by the electro-magnet and adapted to cut out thereceiver when the arc is active, the are being adapted to be adjusted toa point close to the critical point whereby it becomes active only whenthe sound-conoperatively connected to the antenna circuit, anelectro-magnet in the energizing circuit adapted to be operative onlywhen the arc is operating, and a switch operated by the 5 electro-magnetand adapted to cut out the receiver when the arc is active, the arcbeing adapted to be adjusted to a point close to the critical pointwhere it becomes active only when the sound-controlled means is 8.Spacing telephony apparatus comprising a transmitting set consisting ofan energizing circuit containing a receptacle inclos mg gaseous medium,means for impressing for maintaining magnetic stress on the medium, asecondary transmitting antenna circuit responsive to the energizingcircuit,

, means controlled by the sound waves adaptthe magnetic stress, areceiving set consisting of a receiver operatively connected to theantenna circuit, an electro-magnet in the energizing circuit adapted tobe opera- 25 tive only when the oscillation impressing means isoperative, and a switch operated by the electro-magnet adapted to cutout the receiver when the oscillation impressingv means is active, thelatter being adapted to 30 be adjusted to a point close to the criticaloscillations in the energizin circuit.

in presence of two witnesses.

VIGTQR H. LAUGHTER.

WVitnesses: O. R. STIOKNEY, A. M. SHANNON.

trolled means is varying the intensity of the In testimony whereoi Iaihx my signature

